5. Installing
5.1 Have a boot disk handy in case you break anything.
If something goes terribly wrong, it would be handy to have a boot disk. If you have a boot/root combination from your installation, that will work, otherwise see the Bootdisk-HOWTO, which describes how to make a bootable disk.
5.2 Removing duplicate man pages
You should also move the manual pages that are about to be replaced. Even if you are brave enough install the Shadow Suite without making backups, you will still want to remove the old manual pages. The new manual pages won't normally overwrite the old ones because the old ones are probably compressed.
You can use a combination of: man -aW command and locate
command to locate the manual pages that need to be (re)moved. It's
generally easier to figure out which are the older pages before you run
make install.
If you are using the Slackware 3.0 distribution, then the manual pages you want to remove are:
- /usr/man/man1/chfn.1.gz
- /usr/man/man1/chsh.1.gz
- /usr/man/man1/id.1.gz
- /usr/man/man1/login.1.gz
- /usr/man/man1/passwd.1.gz
- /usr/man/man1/su.1.gz
- /usr/man/man5/passwd.5.gz
There may also be man pages of the same name in the /var/man/cat[1-9]
subdirectories that should also be deleted.
5.3 Running make install
You are now ready to type: (do this as root)
make install
This will install the new and replacement programs and fix-up the file permissions. It will also install the man pages.
This also takes care of installing the Shadow Suite include files in the
correct places in /usr/include/shadow.
Using the BETA package you must manually copy the file login.defs
to the /etc subdirectory and make sure that only root can
make changes to it.
cp login.defs /etc
chmod 700 /etc/login.defs
This file is the configuration file for the login program. You should review and make changes to this file for your particular system. This is where you decide which tty's root can login from, and set other security policy settings (like password expiration defaults).
5.4 Running pwconv
The next step is to run pwconv. This must also be done as
root, and is best done from the /etc subdirectory:
cd /etc
/usr/sbin/pwconv
pwconv takes your /etc/passwd file and strips out the
fields to create two files: /etc/npasswd and /etc/nshadow.
A pwunconv program is also provided if you need to make a normal
/etc/passwd file out of an /etc/passwd and
/etc/shadow combination.
5.5 Renaming npasswd and nshadow
Now that you have run pwconv you have created the files
/etc/npasswd and /etc/nshadow. These need to be copied
over to /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. We also want to make
a backup copy of the original /etc/passwd file, and make sure only
root can read it. We'll put the backup in root's home directory:
cd /etc
cp passwd ~passwd
chmod 600 ~passwd
mv npasswd passwd
mv nshadow shadow
You should also ensure that the file ownerships and permissions are
correct. If you are going to be using X-Windows, the
xlock and xdm programs need to be able to read the
shadow file (but not write it).
There are two ways that this can be done. You can set xlock to
suid root (xdm is usually run as root anyway). Or you can make
the shadow file owned by root with a group of
shadow, but before you do this, make sure that you have a shadow
group (look in /etc/group). None of the users on the system
should actually be in the shadow group.
chown root.root passwd
chown root.shadow shadow
chmod 0644 passwd
chmod 0640 shadow
Your system now has the password file shadowed. You should now pop over to another virtual terminal and verify that you can login.
Really, do this now!
If you can't, then something is wrong! To get back to a non-shadowed state, do the following the following:
cd /etc
cp ~passwd passwd
chmod 644 passwd
You would then restore the files that you saved earlier to their proper locations.
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